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Let me talk about how FPGA can realize Gigabit Network UDP communication?

The general steps are as follows: data to be transmitted -- "data of UDP protocol + data to be transmitted --" data of IP protocol + data of UDP protocol + data to be transmitted -- "data of preamble + data of MAC protocol + data of IP protocol + data of UDP protocol + data to be transmitted --" waveform that can be measured in RJ45 (as shown in the following picture like fpgamall)

https://preview.redd.it/xnmjs0j1f8m51.png?width=600&format=png&auto=webp&s=1123468080a186cff96fa73321c5676436134282

There are several types of MII between the data link layer and PHY: MII gmii rgmii srgmii. Which one should be paid attention to in use:

In the hardware design, we need not pay attention xilinx distributor to much.
Ethernet frame format: packets on the Ethernet link are called Ethernet frames. The Ethernet frame start part is composed of preamble and frame start character. It is followed by an Ethernet header, which indicates the destination address and the source address with the MAC address. In the middle of the frame is the packet containing the header of other protocols (such as IP Protocol). The Ethernet frame ends with a 32-bit redundancy check code. It is used to verify whether the data transmission is damaged.
A binary packet from the line is called a frame. From the frame seen on the physical line, among other information, the preamble and the frame start character can be seen. Any physical hardware will need this information.
The following table shows the full frame format for MTU transmission at 1500 octets (some Gigabit Ethernet or Altera Distributors even higher speed Ethernet supports larger frames, called Jumbo frames). An octet is data of eight bits (that is, one byte of a modern computer).

Preamble and frame start

https://preview.redd.it/f309nib3f8m51.png?width=1590&format=png&auto=webp&s=36aa5a56190394bed75b6651cd8b7e54062c3af5
A frame starts with a 7-byte preamble and a 1-byte frame start. Before fast Ethernet, the bit mode of this part of the frame on the line was 10101010 10101010 10101010 10101010 10101010 10101010 10101010 10101010 10101010 10101010 10101011. Since the LSB is transmitted first when a byte is transmitted, its corresponding hexadecimal representation is 0x55 0x55 0x55 0x55 0x55 0x55 0x55.
The 10 / 100M network card (miiphy) transmits 4 bits (one and a half words) at a time. As a result, the leading character becomes seven sets of 0x5 + 0x5, while the frame start character becomes 0x5 + 0xd. 1000m network card (gmii) transmits 8 bits at a time, while 10Gbit / S (XGMII) PHY chip transmits 32 bits at a time. Note that when described as octet, seven 01010101 are transmitted first and then 11010101 are transmitted. Since the lower 4 bits of 8-bit data are sent first, 0101 of frame start character is sent first, and then 1101 is sent.

Headlines

The header contains MAC addresses of source and destination addresses, Ethernet type fields, and optional IEEE 802.1Q VLAN tags to indicate VLAN membership and transmission priority.
Frame check code
The frame check code is a 32-bit cyclic redundancy check code to verify whether the frame data is damaged.
Frame spacing
Main entry: en: interframe game
After a frame is sent out, the sender needs to send at least 12 octet idle line status codes before sending the next frame.
UDP protocol frame format
Internet protocol set supports a connectionless transport protocol, which is called user datagram protocol. UDP provides a method for applications to send encapsulated IP datagrams without establishing a connection. RFC 768 describes UDP.

https://preview.redd.it/ydwrxfo4f8m51.jpg?width=1024&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=d793c32fcf3c1b8df791116b2e14f426a0d36349
UDP Keyword:XC2V1000-4FG456I | XCZU7EV-1FBVB900E | XCZU7EG-1FBVB900E
There are two main protocols in the transport layer of Internet, which complement each other. The connectionless is UDP, which does little but send packets to applications and allow them to structure their own protocols at the required level. Connection oriented is TCP, which does almost everything.
UDP protocol is used to process packets as TCP protocol. In OSI model, both of them are located in the transport layer, which is on the upper layer of IP protocol. UDP does not provide packets
The disadvantages of group, assembly and unable to sort packets, that is to say, when a message is sent, it is impossible to know whether it has arrived safely and completely. UDP is used to support
Network applications that need to transfer data between computers. Many client / server network applications including network video conference system need to be used
UDP protocol. UDP protocol has been used for many years since it came out. Although its original glory has been covered by some similar protocols, UDP is still in use even today
However, it is a very practical and feasible network transport layer protocol.
Many applications only support UDP, such as multimedia data stream, and do not generate any additional data. Even if the damaged packets are known, they will not be retransmitted. When emphasis is placed on transmission performance and
When it is not the integrity of transmission, such as audio and multimedia applications, UDP is the best choice. In the data transmission time is very short, so that the previous connection process becomes the whole
In the case of traffic subject, UDP is also a good choice.
1) Source port (2 bytes): sender port number
2) Destination port (2 bytes): receiving port slogan
3) Message length (2 bytes): the total length of UDP user datagram, in bytes.
4) Check sum (2 bytes): check whether there is any error in the transmission of UDP user datagram, and discard it if there is any error.
It is used to check the number field of UDP datagram and the "pseudo header" containing the header of UDP datagram.
It is used to check the number field of UDP datagram and the "pseudo header" containing the header of UDP datagram.
Pseudo header, also known as pseudo header, is an extended header structure composed of 12 bytes of source IP address, destination IP address, protocol field of IP packet and total length of TCP or UDP datagram in front of datagram header of TCP or UDP. This pseudo header is a temporary structure that is neither passed up nor down, just to ensure that the socket can be verified for correctness.
5) Data: if the data part of UDP is not even, it needs to be filled with 0, that is, if the data length is odd, the data length is added with "1".

https://preview.redd.it/8alpho17f8m51.png?width=957&format=png&auto=webp&s=cdddbeb6b9f4b1aaeb6800bc611ed90ffbb6dc48
XCZU7EV-1FBVB900I | XCZU7EG-1FBVB900E | XCZU7EG-1FBVB900I | XC5VLX50-1FF1153C We can provide high-value solutions of chip Hi3531RFCV100 to you worldwide. Welcome to FPGAMALL Electronics Online Store, Featured products: Hi3531RFCV100, etc. 2000,000 Parts available ship Parts in stock are available for immediate dlivery. Terms & Conditions. Statement Sitemap. Policy Privacy. Policy Environmental. Anti-Counterfeit.

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Adafruit Space Invader pendant. Want to convert to using a bicolor 1.2 led matrix. How would the code change?

 // Trinket/Gemma + LED matrix backpack jewelry. Plays animated // sequence on LED matrix. Press reset button to display again, // or add optional momentary button between pin #1 and +V. // THERE IS NO ANIMATION DATA IN THIS SOURCE FILE, you should // rarely need to change anything here. EDIT anim.h INSTEAD. #define BRIGHTNESS 14 // 0=min, 15=max #define I2C_ADDR 0x70 // Edit if backpack A0/A1 jumpers set #include  #include  #include  #include "anim2.h" // Animation data is located here #include "anim3.h" // Animation data is located here #include "anim4.h" // Animation data is located here static const uint8_t PROGMEM reorder[] = { // Column-reordering table 0x00,0x40,0x20,0x60,0x10,0x50,0x30,0x70,0x08,0x48,0x28,0x68,0x18,0x58,0x38,0x78, 0x04,0x44,0x24,0x64,0x14,0x54,0x34,0x74,0x0c,0x4c,0x2c,0x6c,0x1c,0x5c,0x3c,0x7c, 0x02,0x42,0x22,0x62,0x12,0x52,0x32,0x72,0x0a,0x4a,0x2a,0x6a,0x1a,0x5a,0x3a,0x7a, 0x06,0x46,0x26,0x66,0x16,0x56,0x36,0x76,0x0e,0x4e,0x2e,0x6e,0x1e,0x5e,0x3e,0x7e, 0x01,0x41,0x21,0x61,0x11,0x51,0x31,0x71,0x09,0x49,0x29,0x69,0x19,0x59,0x39,0x79, 0x05,0x45,0x25,0x65,0x15,0x55,0x35,0x75,0x0d,0x4d,0x2d,0x6d,0x1d,0x5d,0x3d,0x7d, 0x03,0x43,0x23,0x63,0x13,0x53,0x33,0x73,0x0b,0x4b,0x2b,0x6b,0x1b,0x5b,0x3b,0x7b, 0x07,0x47,0x27,0x67,0x17,0x57,0x37,0x77,0x0f,0x4f,0x2f,0x6f,0x1f,0x5f,0x3f,0x7f, 0x80,0xc0,0xa0,0xe0,0x90,0xd0,0xb0,0xf0,0x88,0xc8,0xa8,0xe8,0x98,0xd8,0xb8,0xf8, 0x84,0xc4,0xa4,0xe4,0x94,0xd4,0xb4,0xf4,0x8c,0xcc,0xac,0xec,0x9c,0xdc,0xbc,0xfc, 0x82,0xc2,0xa2,0xe2,0x92,0xd2,0xb2,0xf2,0x8a,0xca,0xaa,0xea,0x9a,0xda,0xba,0xfa, 0x86,0xc6,0xa6,0xe6,0x96,0xd6,0xb6,0xf6,0x8e,0xce,0xae,0xee,0x9e,0xde,0xbe,0xfe, 0x81,0xc1,0xa1,0xe1,0x91,0xd1,0xb1,0xf1,0x89,0xc9,0xa9,0xe9,0x99,0xd9,0xb9,0xf9, 0x85,0xc5,0xa5,0xe5,0x95,0xd5,0xb5,0xf5,0x8d,0xcd,0xad,0xed,0x9d,0xdd,0xbd,0xfd, 0x83,0xc3,0xa3,0xe3,0x93,0xd3,0xb3,0xf3,0x8b,0xcb,0xab,0xeb,0x9b,0xdb,0xbb,0xfb, 0x87,0xc7,0xa7,0xe7,0x97,0xd7,0xb7,0xf7,0x8f,0xcf,0xaf,0xef,0x9f,0xdf,0xbf,0xff }; int animationSection = 0; void ledCmd(uint8_t x) { // Issue command to LED backback driver Wire.beginTransmission(I2C_ADDR); Wire.write(x); Wire.endTransmission(); } void clear(void) { // Clear display buffer Wire.beginTransmission(I2C_ADDR); for(uint8_t i=0; i<17; i++) Wire.write(0); Wire.endTransmission(); } void setup() { power_timer1_disable(); // Disable unused peripherals power_adc_disable(); // to save power PCMSK |= _BV(PCINT1); // Set change mask for pin 1 Wire.begin(); // I2C init clear(); // Blank display ledCmd(0x21); // Turn on oscillator ledCmd(0xE0 | BRIGHTNESS); // Set brightness ledCmd(0x81); // Display on, no blink } uint8_t rep = REPS; void loop() { switch (animationSection) { case 0: for(int i=0; i 10) { animationSection = 0; } if(!--rep) { // If last cycle... ledCmd(0x20); // LED matrix in standby mode // GIMSK = _BV(PCIE); // Enable pin change interrupt // power_all_disable(); // All peripherals off // set_sleep_mode(SLEEP_MODE_PWR_DOWN); // sleep_enable(); // sei(); // Keep interrupts disabled // sleep_mode(); // Power down CPU (pin 1 will wake) // Execution resumes here on wake. // PLD - Simply Sleep for 2 minutes then start again... //delay(100000); //delay(100000); delay(120000); animationSection = 0; GIMSK = 0; // Disable pin change interrupt rep = REPS; // Reset animation counter power_timer0_enable(); // Re-enable timer power_usi_enable(); // Re-enable USI Wire.begin(); // Re-init I2C clear(); // Blank display ledCmd(0x21); // Re-enable matrix } } ISR(PCINT0_vect) {} // Button tap

This is a section of the anim file. I want to be able to set the various colors in these "frames"

// Animation data for Trinket/Gemma + LED matrix backpack jewelry. // Edit this file to change the animation; it's unlikely you'll need // to edit the source code. #define REPS 10 // Number of times to repeat the animation loop (1-255) const int frameSpeed2 = 3; const uint8_t PROGMEM anim2[] = { // Animation bitmaps. Each frame of animation MUST contain // 8 lines of graphics data (there is no error checking for // length). Each line should be prefixed with the letter 'B', // followed by exactly 8 binary digits (0 or 1), no more, // no less (again, no error checking). '0' represents an // 'off' pixel, '1' an 'on' pixel. End line with a comma. B00000000, B00000000, B00000000, B00000000, B00000000, B00000000, B00000000, B00000000, frameSpeed2, // 0.10 seconds };

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arduino

The HexEncoder encodes bytes into base 16 encoded data. The partner decoder is a HexDecoder.. The HexEncoder and HexDecoder alphabet is 0123456789ABCDEF.The decoder accepts both uppercase and lowercase values. The HexEncoder takes a pointer to a BufferedTransformation.Because a pointer is taken, the HexEncoder owns the attached transformation, and therefore will destroy it. Each hex digit represents four binary digits; therefore, hex is a language to write binary in an abbreviated form. Four binary digits (also called nibbles) make up half a byte. This means one byte can carry binary values from 0000 0000 to 1111 1111. In hex, these can be represented in a friendlier fashion, ranging from 00 to FF. Dar al dawa development investment co jordan Amazon-co.jp; Iq option facebook Portal.fss.ru; 60 second binary option demo account 2020 Vrtp.ru; 60 second binary option demo account 2020 Sdo.doorhan.ru STM32F103C8 diagnostic bootable binary freely available - Page 1 EEVblog Electronics Community Forum ... 0x10000 - 0x1FFFF Erasing Flash with 1010101010101010 (0xAA) Testing for 0xAA - OK Erasing Flash with 0101010101010101 (0x55) Testing for 0x55 - OK Erasing ~~~~~ ALL TESTS PASSED ... An option jumper perhaps ? « Last Edit: February 05, 2020 ... Binary System. The binary numeral system uses the number 2 as its base (radix). As a base-2 numeral system, it consists of only two numbers: 0 and 1. While it has been applied in ancient Egypt, China and India for different purposes, the binary system has become the language of electronics and computers in the modern world.